Glyoxal as an alternative fixative to formaldehyde in immunostaining and super‐resolution microscopy. Morphological analysis of dendritic spine development in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons. Postsynaptic localization and regulation of AMPA receptors and Cav1.2 by β2 adrenergic receptor/PKA and Ca 2+/CaMKII signaling. Transcellular nanoalignment of synaptic function. Plasticity of spine structure: local signaling, translation and cytoskeletal reorganization. Input transformation by dendritic spines of pyramidal neurons. Spine neck plasticity regulates compartmentalization of synapses. Three-dimensional organization of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in hippocampal CA1 dendrites and dendritic spines of the immature and mature rat. Three-dimensional structure of dendritic spines and synapses in rat hippocampus (CA1) at postnatal day 15 and adult ages: implications for the maturation of synaptic physiology and long-term potentiation. Spine dynamics: are they all the same? Neuron 96, 43–55 (2017). Dendritic structural plasticity and neuropsychiatric disease. Balancing structure and function at hippocampal dendritic spines. The next generation of approaches to investigate the link between synaptic plasticity and learning. This suggests that stubby spines are less likely to adequately respond to dynamic changes in synaptic transmission than mushroom spines, which possibly explains their loss during brain maturation. Secretion and trafficking proteins correlated particularly poorly to the strength of stubby spines. However, an analysis of the correlation of each protein to the postsynaptic density mass, used as a marker of synaptic strength, showed substantially more significant results for the mushroom spines. Surprisingly, mushroom and stubby spines have similar average protein copy numbers and topologies. To address this, we combined electron microscopy and quantitative biochemistry with super-resolution microscopy to annotate more than 47,000 spines for more than 100 synaptic targets. It is still unclear whether and how they differ in protein composition. Whereas mushroom spines are essential for adult brain function, stubby spines disappear during brain maturation. Dendritic spines, the postsynaptic compartments of excitatory neurotransmission, have different shapes classified from ‘stubby’ to ‘mushroom-like’.
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